What is HEIC?
HEIC is what an iPhone saves photos as, and it is not really an image format so much as a container holding HEVC video frames - the same codec used for film, applied to one still picture. It stores a photo at roughly half the size of the equivalent JPEG, which is why Apple switched to it, and it is also why so little else opens it: HEVC is patent-licensed, so most browsers and a good deal of desktop software cannot read a HEIC at all. Large photos are usually stored cut into tiles that have to be reassembled, not as one picture.
What is TIFF?
TIFF is the archival and print format - lossless, high bit depth, and flexible enough to hold multiple pages in one file. Scanners, publishing workflows and document archives lean on it heavily. Browsers have never displayed it, which is why it is offered here as a target rather than a source.